Quantum technology opens up breakthroughs in computing, but also poses new challenges to information security. The risk of quantum computers breaking current encryption systems requires Vietnam to proactively prepare solutions to protect data and critical digital infrastructure.
Identifying strategic technologies
Quantum technology is a field that exploits the special states and phenomena of matter and light at the atomic level to collect, process, and transmit information with high accuracy. The three main pillars of this technology are: quantum computing, quantum communication, and quantum sensing.
In particular, quantum computing has the potential to solve problems beyond the capabilities of current computers; quantum communication aims for information security based on quantum physics principles; and quantum sensors allow for measurements with accuracy approaching the natural limits.
Quantum technology is being identified by many countries as a strategically important field for digital sovereignty , national security, and competitiveness. Governments and major corporations are increasing investment, building research and development ecosystems for the technology, and strengthening export controls on related equipment, materials, and software.
According to Dr. Nguyen Hoang Duong, Deputy Head of the Science and Technology Department of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, international experience shows that countries are choosing different development models but all value the role of strategic coordination and long-term investment.
In the United States, the National Quantum Initiative Act of 2018 provides the legal framework for the development of this field. The American model is based on the proactive role of the government and the leadership of businesses, forming an interconnected ecosystem between universities, laboratories, and businesses.
China has chosen a model of comprehensive state leadership, combining research institutes and state-owned enterprises. The country has built the world’s largest quantum communication network, developed the first quantum satellite, and achieved quantum supremacy in several specific problems.
While the European Union focuses on combining fundamental research with commercialization, with the EuroQCI project aiming to build a quantum communication infrastructure across 27 countries, Japan emphasizes high-level coordination and quantitative targeting, and South Korea leverages its existing strengths in telecommunications, semiconductors, and electronics to participate in the quantum value chain…
Based on this experience, Dr. Nguyen Hoang Duong believes that Vietnam needs a clear strategic direction, a comprehensive coordination mechanism, a focus on developing highly specialized human resources, and building a shared research infrastructure. At the same time, it needs to proactively participate in international cooperation, choosing paths that are consistent with the country’s capabilities and competitive advantages.
Proactively protecting information security in the post-quantum era.
Mr. Vu Ngoc Son, Head of the Research, Consulting, Technology Development and International Cooperation Department (National Cybersecurity Association), assessed that the risk of post-quantum cyberattacks will appear soon with the rapid technological advancements today. Similar to artificial intelligence ( AI ), which has been researched for over 40 years but has only developed and applied in the last 2-3 years, the risk is significant when post-quantum cyberattacks target the financial and banking sectors, and change digital signatures…
According to Dr. Nguyen Hoang Duong, a notable risk is the “Harvest now, decrypt later” tactic, which involves collecting encrypted data at the present time and waiting for decryption in the future when quantum computers are powerful enough. At that point, the public-key cryptography systems currently in widespread use could be at risk of being broken.
The moment when quantum computers are capable of breaking these encryption systems is called Q-day. This is not just a technological issue, but also directly related to information security, digital sovereignty, and the protection of critical national infrastructure.
Reviewing, evaluating, and transitioning national cryptographic systems to post-quantum cryptography will take many years. Therefore, preparation needs to begin early, rather than waiting until quantum computers reach sufficient capacity before responding.
According to Associate Professor Dr. Dinh Van Trung, Vietnam needs to clearly identify the areas that need protection, including information security, digital sovereignty, and critical information infrastructure; and at the same time, select the stages that can participate in the quantum technology value chain such as post-quantum security, quantum computing and simulation, quantum sensors, quantum materials, auxiliary components, and quantum cloud services.
To achieve this goal, Vietnam needs to develop a comprehensively specialized, interdisciplinary workforce; research and testing infrastructure; and a technology ecosystem. Investment needs to be focused and targeted, avoiding a race to chase technological icons or purchasing individual pieces of equipment without the capacity to operate and utilize them.
According to the direction proposed by Associate Professor Dr. Dinh Van Trung, the overall goal is to develop quantum technology into a national strategy; gradually mastering, deciphering, and applying some technologies suitable to Vietnam’s conditions. Through this, a synchronized quantum technology ecosystem will be built, encompassing basic research, technology development, application, and commercialization.
XM/News and Ethnic Groups Newspaper
Original article
https://baotintuc.vn/cong-nghe-luong-tu-dat-an-ninh-thong-tin-du-lieu-truoc-nguy-co-moi-post1400815.html
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